Punishing the PoorThe punitive turn of penal policy in the United States after the acme of the Civil Rights movement responds not to rising criminal insecurity but to the social insecurity spawned by the fragmentation of wage labor and the shakeup of the ethnoracial hierarchy. It partakes of a broader reconstruction of the state wedding restrictive workfare and expansive prisonfare under a philosophy of moral behaviorism. This paternalist program of penalization of