Subversive Pleasures: Bakhtin, Cultural Criticism, and FilmSubversive Pleasures offers the first extended application of Mikhail Bakhtin's critical methods to film, mass media, and cultural studies. With extraordinary interdisciplinary and multicultural range, Robert Stam explores issues that include the translinguistic critiquw of Saussurean semiotics and Russian formalisn, the question of language difference in the cinema, issues of national culture in Latin America, and the carnivalesque in literature and