Gaian SystemsA groundbreaking look at Gaia theorys intersections with neocybernetic systems theory Often seen as an outlier in science, Gaia has run a long and varied course since its formulation in the 1970s by atmospheric chemist James Lovelock and microbiologist Lynn Margulis. Gaian Systems is a pioneering exploration of the dynamic and complex evolution of Gaias many variants, with special attention to Marguliss foundational role in these developments. Bruce